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991.
采用“上阻、中栏、下堵”的立体堵水方法,封堵了义马新安煤矿1995年11月5日发生的特大型(4257m3/h)奥灰突水通道,解放被淹矿井,堵水效果良好。 相似文献
992.
Edouard Bard Grant M. Raisbeck Franoise Yiou Jean Jouzel 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1997,150(3-4):453-462
For about the last 30 years it has been recognized that the high frequency component of the tree rings 14C/12C record is dominated by the modulation of the cosmic ray flux by the solar wind. In particular, it has been demonstrated that the three most recent periods of low sunspot occurrence were characterized by high values of atmospheric 14C/12C. During the last millennium other periods of high 14C/12C values were observed but their solar origin is still debatable. In the present work we compare these fluctuations with an independent record of cosmogenic 10Be measured in ice from the South Pole to check the solar origin of the observed 14C/12C variations. In order to compare quantitatively the results obtained on 10Be and 14C, it is necessary to take into account the different behaviour of these two cosmogenic isotopes, and especially the damping effect of the carbon cycle in the case of 14C. As an input to a 12-box numerical model we used the relative fluctuations of the 10Be concentrations record measured in South Pole ice and converted it into a synthetic 14C record. We took into account the fact that 10Be modulation is enhanced in polar regions due to the orientation of the geomagnetic field. As expected, the fluctuations of the modelled 14C record are much smaller (a factor of 20) than those observed for the raw 10Be record. In addition, the variations are smoother and shifted in time by a few decades. The 10Be-based 14C variations closely resemble the 14C measurements obtained on tree rings (R = 0.81). In particular, it is easy to identify periods of maximal 14C/12C which correspond to solar activity minima centred at about 1060, 1320 (Wolf), 1500 (Spörer), 1690 (Maunder) and 1820 (Dalton) yr A.D. Cross-correlation calculations suggest that there is no significant lag between the 10Be-based 14C and the tree-ring 14C records. Our study strongly suggests the dominance of the solar modulation on the cosmonuclide production variations during the last millennium. 相似文献
993.
994.
K. Holub 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1997,150(3-4):435-450
—Mining-induced seismicity associated with longwall face operations in the Ostrava- Karviná coal mines, Czech Republic, has
been investigated in order to establish the conditions leading to a focal zone generation. The study, based on macroseismic
and instrumental observations, proved that seismicity is influenced by natural as well as mining conditions. The first group
includes the influence of faults, washouts and red beds, while the second one is represented by shaft and/or crosscut safety
pillars and various types of remnant pillars. All the cases discussed show that many focal zones are generated in overstressed
strata as a consequence of interaction of natural conditions and/or old workings with the active coal face.
Received June 18, 1996, accepted March 10, 1997 相似文献
995.
Evolution of Quaternary groundwater system in North China Plain 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Zonghu Zhang Dehong Shi Fuhong Ren Zhengzhou Yin Jichao Sun Cuiyun Zhang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1997,40(3):276-283
The Quaternary groundwater system in the North China Plain is formed mainly through the terrestrial water flow action on the
united geological and tectonic backgrounds. The analysis of groundwater dynamic field, simulation of groundwater geochemistry,
and the14C dating and extraction of isotope information have provided more evidence for recognizing and assessing the evolution of
groundwater circulation system and studying the past global changes. The exploitation and utilization of groundwater on a
large scale and overexploitation have given rise to the decline of regional groundwater level, change of flow field, decrease
of water resources and downward movement of saline water body. The water environment has entered a new evolution stage in
which it is intensely disturbed by the mankind’s activities.
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. 相似文献
996.
Fluid inclusion leachates obtained from vug and vein quartz samples from an Archean (3.23 Ga) Fe-oxide hydrothermal deposit in the west-central part of the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa, were analyzed by ion chromatography for chloride, bromide, and iodide. The deposit, known as the ironstone pods, formed by seafloor hydrothermal activity and fluid discharge. Quartz is dominated by type I liquid-vapor, aqueous inclusions with a bimodal salinity distribution (0–0.25 MCl− and 0.9–1.8 MCl−). Bulk analytical salinities range from 0.45 to 0.99 MCl− represent averages of type I inclusions. Bulk fluid inclusion bromide and iodide concentrations are 1.44–3.32 mM and 0.01–0.12 mM, respectively. For comparison, modern seawater has halogen contents of 590 mM chloride, 0.9 mM bromide, and 0.5 μM total iodine. In the fluids from the ironstone pods, bromide and iodide are enriched relative to chloride, when compared with modern seawater.Approximate Br−Cl− and I−Cl− ratios of 3.2 Ga Barberton seawater are 2.5 × 10−3 and 40 × 10−6, respectively. Dispersion to higher values was caused principally by reaction with organic sediments whose trends are similar to those seen for modern vent fluids at unsedimented and sedimented ridges, relative to modern seawater. These halide ratios are greater than those of modern seawater, suggesting a change in the halide ratios of seawater over geological time. The analytical data are consistent with a model in which marine organic sedimentation has fractionated bromine and iodine out of seawater relative to chloride, thereby causing the halide ratios of seawater to decrease from high early and mid-Archean values towards their present day values. 相似文献
997.
通过对1992年河南登封4.7级地震的资料分析,表明拐河老井地下水位变化是区域应力场的变化效应。在时间上有连续性,在空间上和构造体系上有一定的相关性 相似文献
998.
青藏公路沿线通信光缆埋设地段冻土工程地质条件及评价 总被引:1,自引:5,他引:1
青藏公路沿线季节冻土和多年冻土的总长度为760km,根据气温冻结指数和融化指数可估算最大季节冻结深度和最大季节融化深度。根据含水量划分出5种冻土类型和5个冻胀敏感性等级。提出了光缆埋设若干选线和施工建议。 相似文献
999.
季节性冻结滞水促滑效应——滑坡发育的一种新因素 总被引:12,自引:4,他引:12
在综合分析西北季节性冻土地区滑坡发生时间规律和危险斜坡变形动态规律的基础上,提出季节性冻融作用产生的冻结滞水效应可使斜坡区地下水富集,土体软化范围扩大瞌 水压力增大,是本区滑坡发育的一种重要外动力因素,并对其作用机理和发生条件进行了论述。 相似文献
1000.
在分析下庄铀矿田成矿地质背景的基础上,根据包体水氢、氧同位素组成和水-岩相互作用原理对该矿田成矿热液的水源进行了详细探讨。其结果表明,下庄铀成矿热液的氢、氧同位素组成δ18O=+6.90‰~-9.80‰(SMOW)、δD=-30‰~-85‰(SMOW)位于已发生氧漂移的大气降水同位素组成范围。水-岩同位素交换后,岩石的δ18O值明显降低,显示出与岩石相互作用的古地下水具有相当低的δ18O值。不同水-岩比值条件下同位素交换结果证明下庄成矿古水热系统具有比较充足的水源,大气降水与岩石交换后热液的δ18O计算(-8.26‰~+1.53‰)与成矿期热液的δ18O值(-6.54‰~+1.43‰)相吻合。证据表明下庄铀矿田成矿热液的水源主要来自大气降水。 相似文献